Persuasive Proposal Writing

What are proposals and what is distinct about them?

Some students of writing and working professionals who write a lot in their jobs might compare proposals with reports. However, they differ in a few fundamental ways in relation to their structures and purpose. 

WIth a proposal, you are outlining an idea and why that idea is beneficial for say, the organisation you work for. There is more persuasion involved in a proposal, and this reflects in the language items you use. A report is a description of previous research and while it might finish with recommendations, these recommendations have already been researched and considered. Therefore, a proposal might precede a report. 

A proposal may talk of research in the future as opposed to a future plan being put into effect, so the end result is a longer way away than with a report. This will reflect in the structure of the proposal, with the inclusion of more theoretical sections and paragraphs. 

Therefore, you could say that a proposal precedes a report and that if the proposal is accepted, the report will follow, as the report is the implementation plan for a proposal and any subsequent research or study. 

Components of a Professional Proposal

1. Title Page
   • Purpose: Clearly state the title of the proposal, the author’s name, and the date of submission.
   • Tip: Keep the title concise and reflective of the main idea.
2. Executive Summary
   • Purpose: Provide a brief overview of the proposal, including the problem, proposed solution, and anticipated outcomes.
   • Tip: Write this last, ensuring it captures the essence of the proposal without unnecessary details.
3. Introduction
   • Purpose: Introduce the problem or opportunity and its significance. Explain the purpose of the proposal.
   • Tip: Use straightforward language to clearly define the problem or opportunity. Avoid jargon.
4. Background/Context
   • Purpose: Provide relevant background information, including any previous research or work that has led to the proposal.
   • Tip: Focus on what is necessary for understanding the proposal. Eliminate redundant or overly detailed information.
5. Proposal Statement/Objectives
   • Purpose: Clearly state the objectives of the proposal and what it aims to achieve.
   • Tip: Use bullet points for multiple objectives to enhance readability.
6. Proposed Solution/Methodology
   • Purpose: Outline the proposed solution or approach, including how it will be implemented and any resources required.
   • Tip: Be precise in describing the methods and avoid ambiguous terms. Use active voice for clarity.
7. Timeline
   • Purpose: Provide a timeline for the implementation of the proposal, including key milestones.
   • Tip: Use a Gantt chart or a simple timeline format to visually present the schedule.
8. Budget
   • Purpose: Present a detailed budget, including costs associated with the proposal.
   • Tip: Keep figures accurate and round off where possible to avoid clutter. Use tables for clarity.
9. Benefits/Impact
   • Purpose: Explain the benefits of the proposal and how it will positively impact the organization or stakeholders.
   • Tip: Focus on tangible outcomes and avoid speculative language.
10. Conclusion
    • Purpose: Summarize the key points of the proposal and reinforce the importance of taking action.
    • Tip: Keep it brief and to the point. End with a strong call to action.
11. References (if necessary)
    • Purpose: List any sources or research that were referenced in the proposal.
    • Tip: Ensure all references are cited correctly and consistently.
12. Appendices (if necessary)
    • Purpose: Include any additional information or documents that support the proposal but are too detailed to be in the main text.
    • Tip: Label each appendix clearly and reference it in the proposal where relevant.

Writing Tips for Clarity and Conciseness

• Be Direct: Use simple and direct language to communicate ideas clearly. Avoid using complex sentences and jargon.
• Eliminate Redundancy: Remove any repetitive information. Each sentence should add value.
• Organize Logically: Ensure that each section flows logically into the next. Use headings and subheadings for structure.
• Keep it Brief: Avoid unnecessary words. Aim for brevity while ensuring that all necessary information is included.
• Revise and Edit: After writing, review the proposal to cut down on any unnecessary content and refine the language for clarity.